Question
With reference to the history of Indian rock-cut architecture, consider the following statements:
1. The caves at Badami are the oldest surviving rock-cut caves in India.
2. The Barabar rock-cut caves were originally made for Ajivikas by Emperor Chandragupta Maurya.
3. At Ellora, caves were made for different faiths.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
Answer:
C
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Explanation:
The caves at Badami, located in Karnataka, are not the oldest surviving rock-cut caves in India. The earliest surviving rock-cut caves in India are the Barabar rock-cut caves in Bihar, which were made during the Mauryan period.
The Barabar rock-cut caves were indeed originally made for the Ajivikas, a religious sect, during the reign of Emperor Chandragupta Maurya.
At Ellora, located in Maharashtra, caves were made for different faiths including Buddhism, Hinduism, and Jainism. The Ellora caves are known for their representation of multiple religions in rock-cut architecture.