Question
With reference to the history of India, “Ulgulan” or the Great Tumult is the description of which of the following events?
(a) The Revolt of 1857
(b) The Mappila Rebellion of 1921
(c) The Indigo Revolt of 1859 – 60
(d) Birsa Munda’s Revolt of 1899-1900
Answer:
D
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Explanation:
The term "Ulgulan" or "the Great Tumult" refers to the Munda Rebellion led by Birsa Munda in 1899-1900. The rebellion was a response to the introduction of the zamindari system in 1874, which replaced the traditional Khuntkari system followed by the Munda tribals. This new system created a divide between landlords and tenants, forcing the tribals to rely on cash for rent and daily needs and leading to their dependence on money-lenders. The economic hardships and exploitation caused by the zamindari system fueled the rebellion as the Munda tribals fought to reclaim their autonomy and resist oppressive conditions.