Question
With reference to the British colonial rule in India, consider the following statements:
1. Mahatma Gandhi was instrumental in the abolition of the system of ‘indentured labour'.
2. In Lord Chelmsford's ‘War Conference', Mahatma Gandhi did not support the resolution on recruiting Indians for World War.
3. Consequent upon the breaking of Salt law by Indian people, the Indian National congress was declared illegal by the colonial rulers.
Which of the statements given above are correct?
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 1 and 3 only
(c) 2 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
Answer:
B
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Explanation:
Statement 1 is correct. Mahatma Gandhi was instrumental in the abolition of the system of 'indentured labor' during the British colonial rule in India. Indentured labor was a system where Indian laborers were recruited and transported to various British colonies to work under harsh conditions. Gandhi actively campaigned against this system and advocated for the rights and welfare of the indentured laborers.
Statement 2 is incorrect. In Lord Chelmsford's 'War Conference' held in 1918 during World War I, Mahatma Gandhi did support the resolution on recruiting Indians for the war effort. Gandhi believed that participating in the war would earn India goodwill and concessions from the British government, which could be used as leverage in the fight for independence.
Statement 3 is correct. Consequent upon the breaking of the Salt Law by Indian people during the Salt Satyagraha or Dandi March, the Indian National Congress (INC) was declared illegal by the colonial rulers. The British government responded with repression and arrested many Congress leaders, including Mahatma Gandhi.