Question
With reference to agriculture in India, how can the technique of ‘genome sequencing' often seen in the news, be used in the immediate future?
1. Genome sequencing can be used to identify genetic markers for disease resistance and drought tolerance in various crop plants.
2. This technique helps in reducing the time required to develop new varieties of crop plants.
3. It can be used to decipher the host-pathogen relationships in crops.
Select the correct answer using the code given below:
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
Answer:
D
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Explanation:
Genome sequencing can have various applications in agriculture in the immediate future:
Genome sequencing can be used to identify genetic markers for disease resistance and drought tolerance in various crop plants. By sequencing the genomes of different varieties or species of crops, scientists can identify specific genes or markers associated with desirable traits such as resistance to pests, diseases, or tolerance to drought conditions. This information can then be used in breeding programs to develop new varieties of crops with improved traits.
Genome sequencing helps in reducing the time required to develop new varieties of crop plants. By analyzing the genomes of different crop plants, scientists can understand their genetic makeup and identify specific genes responsible for desired traits. This knowledge enables targeted breeding programs, where specific genes can be introduced or manipulated to create new varieties with improved characteristics. This process, known as marker-assisted selection or breeding, is more efficient and accelerates the development of new crop varieties.
Genome sequencing can be used to decipher the host-pathogen relationships in crops. By sequencing the genomes of pathogens that affect crop plants, such as viruses, bacteria, or fungi, scientists can gain insights into their genetic makeup and understand how they interact with host plants. This knowledge can help in developing strategies to combat plant diseases, such as developing resistant crop varieties or designing specific treatments or control measures.