Question
Consider the following statements:
1. The United Nations Convention against Corruption (UNCA(c) has a ‘Protocol against the Smuggling of Migrants by Land, Sea and Air'.
2. The UNCAC is the ever-first legally binding global anti-corruption instrument.
3. A highly of the United Nations Convention against Transnational Organized Crime (UNTO(c) is the inclusion of a specific chapter aimed at returning assets to their rightful owners from whom they had been taken illicitly.
4. The United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNOD(c) is mandated by its member States to assist in the implementation of both UNCAC and UNTOC.
Which of the statements given above are correct?
(a) 1 and 3 only
(b) 2, 3 and 4 only
(c) 2 and 4 only
(d) 1, 2, 3 and 4
Answer:
C
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Explanation:
1. Statement 1 is incorrect. The United Nations Convention against Corruption (UNCAC) does not have a specific protocol against the smuggling of migrants by land, sea, and air. It primarily focuses on combating corruption.
2. Statement 2 is correct. The UNCAC is the first legally binding global anti-corruption instrument. It was adopted by the United Nations General Assembly in 2003 and entered into force in 2005.
3. Statement 3 is incorrect. The United Nations Convention against Transnational Organized Crime (UNTOC) includes a specific chapter on the return of assets, not the UNCAC. The chapter aims to facilitate the return of assets to their rightful owners that were acquired through illicit means.
4. Statement 4 is correct. The United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC) is mandated by its member states to assist in the implementation of both the UNCAC and the UNTOC. The UNODC provides technical assistance, capacity-building, and coordination to support countries in addressing corruption and transnational organized crime.